WHO seeks mpox vaccine production surge

GENEVA, Switzerland — The World Health Organization on Friday urged manufacturers to ramp up production of mpox vaccines to rein in the spread of a more dangerous strain of the virus.

The WHO on Wednesday declared the mpox surge a public health emergency of international concern -- its highest alert level -- with Clade 1b cases soaring in the Democratic Republic of Congo and spreading beyond its borders.

"We do need the manufacturers to really scale up so that we've got access to many, many more vaccines," WHO spokeswoman Margaret Harris told reporters.

The WHO is asking countries with mpox vaccine stockpiles to donate them to countries with ongoing outbreaks.

Two mpox vaccines have been used in recent years -- MVA-BN, produced by Danish drugmaker Bavarian Nordic, and Japan's LC16.

Harris said there were 500,000 MVA-BN doses in stock, while an additional 2.4 million doses could be produced quickly, if there was a commitment from buyers.

For 2025, an additional 10 million doses could be produced, upon a firm procurement request.

"LC16 is a vaccine that is not commercialised but produced on behalf of the government of Japan. There is a considerable stockpile of this vaccine," Harris added, saying the WHO was working with Tokyo to facilitate donations.

The Doctors Without Borders charity said countries with vaccine stockpiles but no outbreaks "must donate as many doses as possible" to affected countries in Africa.

It urged Bavarian Nordic to lower its prices, saying MVA-BN was out of reach for most countries where mpox is a threat.

The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, the world's largest humanitarian network, said it faced significant challenges  tackling mpox.

Bronwyn Nichol, IFRC senior public health emergencies officer, said most  vaccine stocks were in wealthy nations, and those sent to Africa so far were "a drop in the bucket".

"There is a critical shortage of testing, treatment, and vaccines across the continent. These shortages are severely hampering the ability to contain the outbreak," she said.

The WHO, headed by Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, is due to issue temporary recommendations to countries on handling the mpox surge.